DHATTURA (Seed)
Dhattura consists of dried seeds of Datura metel Linn.; Syn. D. fastuosa L., D. alba Ramph; D. cornucopaea Hort. (Fam. Solanaceae); occurring wild throughout the country.
SYNONYMS
Sansk. : Kanaka, Ummatta, Dhustura
Assam. : Dhatura
Beng. : Dhutura, Dhutra
Eng. : White Thorn Apple
Guj. : Dhaturo
Hindi. : Dhatura
Kan. : Umbe
Kash. : —
Mal. : Ummam
Mar. : Dhatra
Ori. : Dudura
Punj. : Dhatura
Tam. : Oomattai, Umattai
Tel. : Ummettha, Erriummetta
Urdu. : Dhatura
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Seed reniform, compressed, flattened, surface finely pitted; 0.6 cm long, 0.4 cm wide; light brown to yellowish-brown in colour; thicker towards the curved edge, which is rugose; large, pale strophiole near micropyle; odourless; taste, bitter.
b) Microscopic
Shows in outline more or less elongated, irregular or wavy structure having bulgings at either side; testa single layered consists of thick-walled, lignified, sclerenchymatous cells forming club-shaped structure, followed by 3-5 layered more or less tangentially elongated, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells; endosperm encloses more or less curved embryo composed of polygonal, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells, filled with aleurone grains and abundant oil globules.
Powder – Brown and oily; shows fragments of testa of groups of thick-walled, light brown sclerenchymatous cells; polygonal, thin-walled parenchymatous cells containing oil globules and aleurone grains.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.2
Total ash Not more than 6 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.3
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.4
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 5 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.6
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 7 Per cent, Appendix 2.2.7
T.L.C. –
T.L.C. of the alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene Ethylacetate:
Diethylamine (7:2: 1) shows under U.V. (366 nm) three fluorescent zones at Rf 0.18, 0.33 (both light blue) and 0.93 (blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour three spots appear at Rf 0.33, 0.47 and 0.93 (all yellow). On spraying with Dragendorff reagent two spots appear at Rf 0.33 and 0.47 (both orange).
CONSTITUENTS – Alkaloids – Tropane Alkaloids – Hyoscyamine etc. and Fixed Oil
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Guru, Ruksa, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphahara, Varnya, Madakari, Visahara, Krmihara, Vranahara, Kanduhara, Bhramahara, Vamaka
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Kanakasava, Suta, Sekhara Rasa, Jvarankusa Rasa, Laksmi Vilasa Rasa (Naradiya), Kanakasundara Rasa, Dugdha Vati, Piyusavalli Rasa
THERAPEUTIC USES – Krmi, Yuka, Liksa
DOSE – 30-60 mg.
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